Treatment

Currently there are drugs, called antiretrovirals, which inhibit essential enzymes, reverse transcriptase, protease and reverse transcriptase, thereby reducing HIV replication. In this way slows the progress of disease and opportunistic infections, so although AIDS can not properly cured, it can develop with continued use of these drugs in chronic illness compatible with a long and nearly normal. The HIV enzyme, reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that converts RNA to DNA, so it has become one of the main targets in antiretroviral treatment. In 2007 the European Medicines Agency (EMEA), authorizes the drug Atripla combines three of the most common antiretrovirals in one tablet. The active substances are efavirenz, emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil. The drug is indicated for the treatment of virus-1 infection in adults. 20 The common denominator of treatments currently applied is the combination of drugs antiretrovilares, commonly called "cocktail". These "cocktails" replaced the traditional therapies of a single drug that is only maintained in the case of pregnant women with HIV. Different drugs tend to inhibit virus replication and slow down the deterioration of the immune system. The "cocktail" drug consists of two reverse transcriptase inhibitors (drugs) AZT, DDI, DDC, 3TC and D4T) and an inhibitor of protease enzymes. By inhibiting different enzymes, drugs intervene at different stages of the process of multiplication of the virus, preventing that process to term. The advantage of the combination lies precisely in not attacking the virus in one place, but give "simultaneous and different strokes. The reverse transcriptase inhibitor introduced genetic information wrong "or" incomplete "which precludes virus multiplication and determines his death protease inhibitors act on infected cells and preventing the" assembly "of proteins necessary for the formation of new viral particles.